Historic Fairfax: Museums, Sites & Attractions | Visit Fairfax (2024)

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People and places that helped shape our nation call this area home. Fairfax County is a historical destination that should be on everyone’s list. Meticulously preserved historic sites and estates where you walk in the footsteps of the American story dot our landscape. Monuments and memorials dedicated to iconic people and events offer perspective. And numerous museums that bring our diverse nation’s storied past to life fill visitor’s to-do lists.

These are the types of experiences you’ll find when visiting Fairfax County and exploring Northern Virginia and the greater U.S. Capital Region including Washington, DC - a region known to give in-depth perspective of who we are as a nation, where we came from, and where we’re going.

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Perched on the banks of the Potomac River lies George Washington's Mount Vernon, the estate of America's first commander-in-chief. Whether you're craving fascinating history, waterfront views, or a bottle of world-famous whiskey - these 10 things can't be missed on your next visit.

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    Fairfax County History

    Fairfax County has roots in the founding of America in many different respects. Founding Fathers George Washington and George Mason made their homes here and those are some of the most visited historic sites in the Commonwealth. We are also home to the National Museum of the United States Army and the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center – which tell the tales of individuals and institutions that gave all they had to advance America across the centuries through sacrifice and innovation.

    These sites, and dozens of others, not only highlight the revolution that defined America’s earliest existence, but also the continuing evolution of America as the destiny of our nation unfolded through a beautifully diverse collection of cultures and beliefs all striving to make our country as good as it possibly could be.

    • Fairfax County, Virginia has a rich history that spans centuries. It was named after Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron, who received a land grant from King Charles II in 1649. In the early years, the county was primarily agricultural, with tobacco being a major crop. During the American Revolution, it played a significant role as a hub for military and political activity. The county's proximity to Washington, D.C. made it a strategic location during the Civil War, witnessing several key battles. In the 20th century, Fairfax County experienced rapid growth and urbanization, fueled by its proximity to the nation's capital. Today, it is a vibrant and diverse community, known for its robust economy, excellent schools, and high quality of life.

    • Fairfax County, Virginia is renowned for its diverse range of tourist sites and attractions. Visitors flock to the county to explore iconic landmarks such as George Washington's Mount Vernon, the historic home of America's first president. Additionally, the county is home to Great Falls Park, where the majestic Potomac River cascades through dramatic rock formations, offering breathtaking views and hiking opportunities. The Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, located in Fairfax County, showcases an impressive collection of aircraft and space artifacts. Nature enthusiasts can also enjoy the stunning beauty of the county's parks, such as the Meadowlark Botanical Gardens and the Huntley Meadows Park, known for its diverse wildlife and serene wetlands. With its rich historical sites, natural splendor, and cultural offerings, Fairfax County provides a captivating experience for every visitor.

    • Fairfax County, Virginia has been associated with numerous notable historical figures. George Washington, the first President of the United States, resided in the county at his beloved Mount Vernon estate. His influential role in shaping the nation's history is deeply intertwined with Fairfax County. George Mason, another Founding Father who authored the Virginia Declaration of Rights (which the U.S. Bill of Rights is based) also called Fairfax County home at his estate Gunston Hall.Clara Barton, the founder of the American Red Cross, spent time nursing wounded Civil War soldiers in Fairfax County and credited her experience here for the founding of that organization.

    Historic Fairfax County Neighborhoods

    Alexandria/Mount Vernon

    In the Alexandria/Mount Vernon section of Fairfax County you find an immense collection of historic sites. George Washington's Mount Vernon, River Farm, Woodlawn, Frank Lloyd Wright's Pope-Leighey House, Historic Huntley, and George Washington's Distillery and Gristmill all are available to visit and worth the trip.

    Town of Vienna

    Vienna is a small town that is steeped in history. A history themed visit here must start at the Freeman Store and Museum which details the origins of the town and highlights its Civil War era history. Located on historic Church Street, it's the perfect place to begin your stroll around town and shop in the area's locally owned stores.

    Town of Herndon

    In Herndon you'll find the quaint Herndon Depot Museum which is the hub of the town's historical information. The town sprung up along the railroad and was a thriving community when Fairfax County was a major dairy producer. A trip to nearby Frying Pan Farm Park highlights the legacy of Fairfax County's agricultural past and is a favorite amongst area families.

    Town of Clifton

    Clifton is home to Fairfax County's first winery Paradise Springs. The winery is still owned by the same family who was awarded the original land grant when Fairfax County was established. Here is a list of all the historic buildings in the town.

    Did you Know?

    Fairfax County was originally part of Prince William County.......

    As settlement of the Virginia colony spread north and west during the 17th and 18th centuries, the Assembly in Williamsburg began the practice of creating parishes, which then became counties. Prince William County was created in 1731 from Hamilton Parish (from what was previously part of Stafford County). The next year, the Assembly took the northern part of Prince William County for the Parish of Truro. Ten years later, Fairfax County was created from Truro Parish.

    • A parish in colonial Virginia was a unit of both civil and religious authority that covered a set geographical territory. Each Church of England parish in the colony was served by a single minister and governed by a vestry usually composed of local elites.

    The original governing structure of the newly created Fairfax County consisted of the County Court (14 men), County Lieutenant, County Court Clerk and the County Sheriff (the latter two positions still exist). The majority of the men appointed to these first county positions by the Assembly previously had the same roles in Prince William County.
    The Court House of Fairfax County was ordered by the Assembly to be built at a place called Springfield. But it’s not the Springfield we know today. The one in the early days of the county was actually in the area we now know as Tysons, which made sense since what is now Loudoun County was part of Fairfax County. With horseback the main means of travel, a central location was important.
    By 1752, the people of Alexandria (still part of Fairfax County) petitioned the House of Burgesses to have the courthouse moved to Alexandria. Since the “old” courthouse, 10 at that time, needed repairs and the Alexandrians offered to build the new courthouse, the Governor’s Council approved the move.
    The land area of the original Fairfax County was reduced by almost 60 percent when Loudoun County was established, and land was ceded to the federal government for the District of Columbia. The northwestern part of Fairfax County was taken for Cameron Parish before the Assembly made it Loudoun County in 1757. In 1789, part of Fairfax County was ceded to the federal government to form Alexandria County of the District of Columbia. Alexandria County was returned to Virginia in 1846 and divided into the independent city of Alexandria in 1870 and Arlington County in 1920.

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    Historic Fairfax: Museums, Sites & Attractions | Visit Fairfax (20)

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    Historic Fairfax: Museums, Sites & Attractions | Visit Fairfax (21)

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    Historic Fairfax: Museums, Sites & Attractions | Visit Fairfax (2024)

    FAQs

    What is the oldest house in Fairfax VA? ›

    Lot Number 10 was owned by Richard Ratcliffe, the city's founder. In 1807, cobbler Henry Logan purchased the lot and built a small brick house. It was expanded in 1824 by the Allison family. This structure is the oldest residence in the city.

    What is Fairfax, Virginia famous for? ›

    Our city is widely known for outstanding cultural amenities. Every year the city sponsors world-class events such as Fall for the Book, Spotlight on the Arts, and a fun weekend-long Chocolate Lovers Festival.

    What is Fairfax named after? ›

    Farmers from eastern Virginia and Maryland began settling this area in the early 1700s. Fairfax County, named for Thomas, the Sixth Lord Fairfax, whose family's land grant included all of Northern Virginia, was formed in 1742.

    How old is Fairfax, VA? ›

    Fairfax, Virginia
    StateVirginia
    Pre-incorporation CountyFairfax County (none after incorporation – Independent city)
    Founded1869
    Government
    26 more rows

    Where is the oldest house still standing in the United States? ›

    The Fairbanks House in Dedham, Massachusetts is a historic house built c. 1637, making it the oldest surviving timber-frame house in North America that has been verified by dendrochronology testing.

    Who lived in Fairfax House? ›

    When her father died in 1772, Anne sold Fairfax House and moved back to Gilling Castle until her death in 1793. From Lord Fairfax's death in 1772, Fairfax House changed hands six times. The last resident was Ann Pemberton after whose death in 1865 the house ceased to be a family home.

    What is the most expensive neighborhood in Fairfax County? ›

    Check Out The Top 10 Most Expensive Cities To Live In Fairfax County:
    1. Mason Neck. With a median home price of $2,548,472 and a median rent of $2,313, Mason Neck is the most expensive city on our list. ...
    2. Ravensworth. ...
    3. Tysons. ...
    4. Great Falls Crossing. ...
    5. Hayfield. ...
    6. Huntington. ...
    7. Vienna. ...
    8. George Mason.

    Why is Fairfax so expensive? ›

    Housing in Northern Virginia near Washington, D.C. is especially expensive, with median list prices exceeding $800,000 in several communities, including Arlington County, Fairfax County, and Alexandria. The primary reason housing is so expensive in Virginia and elsewhere is because we do not build enough of it.

    How many slaves did Lord Fairfax own? ›

    Lord Fairfax owned at least 97 enslaved persons at the time of his death in 1781. A new name is being sought for Lord Fairfax Community College because its namesake was a slave owner.

    What is a fun fact about Northern Virginia? ›

    Northern Virginia is one of the country's most racially, ethnically, and internationally diverse regions. 27% of its population are international residents, representing more than 120 countries. Fairfax County continually ranks in the Top 5 of Forbes' list of wealthiest counties in America.

    What is the ethnicity of Fairfax Virginia? ›

    Population & Diversity

    In 2022, there were 2.41 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (556k people) in Fairfax County, VA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 231k Asian (Non-Hispanic) and 111k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

    Why is it called Gallows Road? ›

    It's been speculated that the road got its name from a gallows that supposedly was erected near the site of the county's first courthouse near what is now the site of the Toilet Bowl Building and the intersection of Leesburg Pike and Chain Bridge Road, but this is almost certainly wrong, since the name only starts ...

    Where did the Fairfax family live? ›

    The Fairfax family of Fairfax County, Virginia, lived in a splendid brick mansion called Belvoir on the Potomac River four miles downstream from Mount Vernon.

    What is the oldest house in Alexandria VA? ›

    The oldest house in Alexandria is the Ramsay House, now the Alexandria Visitor Center, at 221 King St. The Ramsay house was the residence of William Ramsay, one of the Scottish merchants who founded Alexandria in 1749.

    What is the oldest recorded house? ›

    8 Oldest Houses in the World
    • Kirkjubøargarður (King's Farm) Year Built: c.11th century CE. ...
    • Roman Painted House. Year Built: c.200 CE. ...
    • Jarlshof Houses. Year Built: c.800 BCE. ...
    • Skara Brae. Year Built: c.3100 BCE. ...
    • Knap of Howar. Year Built: c. ...
    • Khirokitia (Choirokoitia) Year Built: c.7000 BCE. ...
    • Howick House. ...
    • Star Carr House.

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